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Queda acentuada de emissões de gases estufa da Ucrânia pode inviabilizar Kyoto (em inglês)
2006-06-26
Ukraines greenhouse gas emissions fell by a bigger than expected 57 percent in 2004 from 1990 levels, UN data showed on Thursday, potentially undermining wider climate change aims of the Kyoto Protocol. Kyoto obliges 35 industrialised countries to cut emissions of heat-trapping gases overall by 5.2 percent by 2008-12 from 1990, but it allows countries whose emissions are over target to buy emissions reductions from those below.
Former communist countries emissions have dived since 1990 because of an industrial collapse following their transition to liberalised markets, and while this is good news for climate change goals, it risks swamping the Kyoto trading tool. The worry among green groups is that emissions cuts in eastern Europe are just because of the 1990 target baseline, and trading such margins would avoid real emissions cuts by other industrial countries.
Ukraines Kyoto target is zero change on 1990 by 2008-12 and the 57 percent fall by 2004 would give it an annual 510 million tonnes carbon dioxide emissions reduction to sell. This compares to an expected annual excess from 2008-12 of 200-300 million tonnes, according to the Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC).
Ukraine is expected to have the second biggest such excess after Russia -- which has not yet published its 2004 data -- while Japan, Canada and the European Union are expected to be the furthest behind their Kyoto goals. Ukraines current surplus emissions reduction would exceed the expected annual demand for cuts of the EU, Japan and Canada combined between 2008-12 -- at 496 million tonnes CO2 -- according to JBIC data.
But western countries will be under pressure to make up their emissions cuts elsewhere -- either by pollution reduction at home, or through a Kyoto Protocol trading tool called the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), where rich nations fund actual pollution cuts in poor ones. The Ukraine report was posted on the UN website this week.
The European Union said on Thursday that greenhouse gas emissions by the 15 "old" nations of the now 25-member bloc rose by 0.3 percent in 2004, potentially leaving them further off-track on Kyoto.
(Por Gerard Wynn, Planet Ark, 23/06/2006)
Former communist countries emissions have dived since 1990 because of an industrial collapse following their transition to liberalised markets, and while this is good news for climate change goals, it risks swamping the Kyoto trading tool. The worry among green groups is that emissions cuts in eastern Europe are just because of the 1990 target baseline, and trading such margins would avoid real emissions cuts by other industrial countries.
Ukraines Kyoto target is zero change on 1990 by 2008-12 and the 57 percent fall by 2004 would give it an annual 510 million tonnes carbon dioxide emissions reduction to sell. This compares to an expected annual excess from 2008-12 of 200-300 million tonnes, according to the Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC).
Ukraine is expected to have the second biggest such excess after Russia -- which has not yet published its 2004 data -- while Japan, Canada and the European Union are expected to be the furthest behind their Kyoto goals. Ukraines current surplus emissions reduction would exceed the expected annual demand for cuts of the EU, Japan and Canada combined between 2008-12 -- at 496 million tonnes CO2 -- according to JBIC data.
But western countries will be under pressure to make up their emissions cuts elsewhere -- either by pollution reduction at home, or through a Kyoto Protocol trading tool called the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), where rich nations fund actual pollution cuts in poor ones. The Ukraine report was posted on the UN website this week.
The European Union said on Thursday that greenhouse gas emissions by the 15 "old" nations of the now 25-member bloc rose by 0.3 percent in 2004, potentially leaving them further off-track on Kyoto.
(Por Gerard Wynn, Planet Ark, 23/06/2006)
- AmbienteJá desde 2001 -